Record living with a pig kidney: 60 days and counting

Dr. Jayme Locke, Towana Looney, and Dr. Robert Montgomery
 Credit: Mateo Salcedo/NYU Langone Health

The other xenograft patients arrived at the operating theatre in critical condition, which likely contributed to why none of them survived beyond two months. Towana Looney, however, was in better health when she received the pig kidney edited to reduce the risk of rejection. She benefited from the insights gained from earlier attempts and, on January 25, celebrated a record sixty days with an animal organ. She is the first patient to receive a kidney from a pig with 10 genetic modifications and is currently the only person in the world living with a pig organ.

A tale of 5 xenografts

Specialists around the world await updates from China on the first man to receive a gene-edited pig liver. In the meantime, the last pig kidney transplanted in the United States has already stopped working and been removed, returning the patient to dialysis. And before her, three other U.S. patients had survived only a few weeks after surgery involving either heart or kidney. However, it would be wrong to conclude that xenotransplantations are falling short of expectations: the individual interventions authorized under compassionate care have taught physicians and researchers useful lessons ahead of the first clinical trials that the Food and Drug Administration may authorize in the coming years. Let’s keep our fingers crossed as we wait for the well-deserved happy ending.

First paper and more xenotransplantation news

photo credit: University of Alabama at Birmingham

The first paper on a CRISPR xenotransplant is out in the American Journal of Transplantation. It’s about two swine kidneys with 10 modified genes transplanted into a dead brain man as a proof of concept. The surgery was performed on September 30 by Jayme Locke and colleagues from the University of Alabama at Birmingham.

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Xenotransplantation: time to go deeper

Photo credit: Joe Carrotta

And so it happened. “In a first, surgeons attached a pig kidney to a human, and it worked,” as the New York Times puts it. Data are scarce, however, and all the info we have is from the general media. The kidney came from a GalSafe pig, which is the only one FDA approved so far. But scientists from several companies have already developed pigs much more engineered than that (with three or four porcine genes knocked-out instead of one, and human gene additions). To get an updated picture, we highly recommend this article published in Nature Biotechnology last April.